# NebulaGraph vs Virtuoso

**Leader by Vioscale score:** NebulaGraph

| Attribute | NebulaGraph | Virtuoso |
|---|---|---|
| **Vioscale score** | 40.8 (61% (medium)) | 34.5 (62% (medium)) |
| activity.commits_last_30d | 0 | 16 |
| adoption.dependent_repos | 5 | 1 |
| adoption.github_stars | 12,365 | 973 |
| adoption.package_downloads_weekly | - | 22 |
| deployment.options | `{"cloud":true,"self_hosted":true}` | `{"self_hosted":true}` |
| description.long | NebulaGraph is a distributed graph database built for processing complex relationship data with millisecond latency. It enables fraud detection, recommendations, knowledge graphs, and real-time analytics across large interconnected datasets for enterprises. | Enterprise-grade platform designed to consolidate and govern data from diverse sources—databases, knowledge graphs, file systems, and APIs—with built-in support for AI agents and language model integration. |
| features.capabilities | `{"storage":"pluggable","workload":"both","deployment":"self_hosted","consistency":"strong","distributed":"sharded","graph_model":"property_graph","licence_class":"permissive","vector_search":true,"query_language":"nGQL, OpenCypher, ISO-GQL","replication_ha":true,"full_text_search":"built_in","standard_support":true,"acid_transactions":"full"}` | `{"workload":"both","deployment":"self_hosted","graph_model":"rdf_triple","query_language":"SPARQL"}` |
| integrations.count | 7 | 6 |
| integrations.list | `[{"name":"Azure Marketplace"},{"name":"AWS (planned)"},{"name":"Google Cloud Platform (planned)"},{"name":"Nebula Studio"},{"name":"Nebula Explorer"},{"name":"Nebula Dashboard"},{"name":"ElasticSearch"}]` | `[{"name":"SQLAlchemy"},{"name":"RDFLib"},{"name":"SQL databases"},{"name":"NoSQL databases"},{"name":"Linked Data sources"},{"name":"APIs"}]` |
| language.primary | C++ | C |
| license.spdx | Apache-2.0 | BSD |
| market.availability | `{"hqCountry":"US","primaryMarkets":["US"],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` | `{"primaryMarkets":["US"],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` |
| platform.support | `{"cli":true,"linux":true}` | `{"cli":true,"mac":true,"linux":true,"windows":true}` |
| pricing | `{"type":"hybrid","plans":[{"free":true,"name":"Open-source Edition","summary":"Free, open-source","features":["Subset of core features","Graph query language support (nGQL/openCypher, ISO-GQL)","Graph algorithms and analytics","Community support"],"components":[{"kind":"fixed","amount":0,"period":"month","currency":"USD"}],"description":"Community-supported graph database for developers and experimental use cases","contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Enterprise Edition","features":["Enhanced performance","Enterprise-grade stability and security","Premium support service","Multiple deployment methods","Advanced features: REST API, vector search, multi-graph queries, plugin management","Fine-grained permission management at multiple levels","SAML 2.0 and OIDC authentication","Audit logging and compliance tools"],"description":"Production-grade deployment with enterprise performance, security, and dedicated support","contactSales":true},{"free":false,"name":"NebulaGraph Cloud","summary":"From $0.35/hour (beta pricing with 70% discount); 14-day free trial","features":["One-click deployment and scaling","High availability with multi-data center replication","Automatic backup and restoration","Integrated visualization tools (Nebula Studio, Explorer, Dashboard)","Fine-grained access control"],"components":[{"per":{"qty":1,"unit":"hour"},"kind":"metered","amount":0.35,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Managed cloud database service with pay-as-you-go consumption pricing","contactSales":false}],"summary":"Free open-source edition; enterprise licensing and managed cloud options available","currency":"USD","freeTier":true,"sourceUrl":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","retrievedAt":"2026-08-14T16:42:25.955Z","freeTrialDays":14,"startingPrice":{"amount":0.35,"period":"month","currency":"USD"},"billingPeriods":["month","hour"]}` | `{"type":"perpetual","plans":[{"free":false,"name":"Personal","summary":"$99.99 one-time","components":[{"kind":"one_time","amount":99.99,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Individual workstation license for single-user development","contactSales":false,"includedLimits":{"cores":"2","users":"1"}},{"free":false,"name":"Developer","summary":"$199 one-time","components":[{"kind":"one_time","amount":199,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Development workstation license for small teams","contactSales":false,"includedLimits":{"cores":"8","users":"5"}},{"free":false,"name":"Project","summary":"$499 one-time","components":[{"kind":"one_time","amount":499,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Project-focused workstation license with expanded resources","contactSales":false,"includedLimits":{"cores":"16","users":"5"}},{"free":false,"name":"Enterprise","summary":"Custom pricing, contact sales","features":["Unlimited Concurrent Sessions","Unlimited CPU Cores","Server-Grade Operating Systems","Enterprise Support","Custom Licensing Terms"],"description":"Custom license for production server deployment","contactSales":true}],"summary":"From $99.99 perpetual license, Enterprise custom pricing","currency":"USD","freeTier":false,"sourceUrl":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","retrievedAt":"2026-08-14T08:36:04.886Z","startingPrice":{"amount":99.99,"period":"month","currency":"USD"}}` |
| pricing.free_tier | yes | no |
| pricing.model | commercial | commercial |
| pricing.price_level | low | high |
| pricing.transparent | no | yes |
| release.cadence_days | 74 | 143 |
| release.history | `[{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.8.0","date":"2024-05-17T10:33:59Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.8.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.6.0","date":"2023-08-11T03:55:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.6.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.5.0","date":"2023-05-23T10:06:24Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.5.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.4.1","date":"2023-03-08T03:14:19Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.4.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.4.0","date":"2023-02-09T10:19:49Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.4.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.3.0","date":"2022-10-31T06:06:15Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.3.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.2.1","date":"2022-09-16T02:52:30Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.2.0","date":"2022-07-18T02:31:18Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.2.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.1.0","date":"2022-04-24T09:53:58Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.1.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.0.2","date":"2022-03-29T02:15:07Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.0.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.0.1","date":"2022-03-15T04:17:00Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.0.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.0.0","date":"2022-02-16T02:11:49Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.0.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v2.6.2","date":"2022-01-26T02:14:57Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.6.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v2.6.1","date":"2021-11-03T11:04:45Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.6.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v2.6.0","date":"2021-10-25T11:06:57Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.6.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.2.1","date":"2021-04-15T02:49:45Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.2.0","date":"2020-12-08T03:19:25Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.2.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.1.0","date":"2020-09-21T04:29:17Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.1.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.0.1","date":"2020-07-09T03:34:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.0.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.0.0","date":"2020-06-10T07:28:42Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.0.0"}]` | `[{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.17","date":"2026-05-07T16:19:38Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.17"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.16.1","date":"2025-10-15T19:19:08Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.16.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.16","date":"2025-10-14T16:23:00Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.16"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.15","date":"2025-05-21T14:32:44Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.15"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.14","date":"2024-11-11T16:10:53Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.14"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.13","date":"2024-06-12T08:08:55Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.13"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.12","date":"2024-02-13T17:03:29Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.12"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.11","date":"2023-09-26T16:53:27Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.11"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.10","date":"2023-06-07T14:13:02Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.10"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.9","date":"2023-02-28T09:52:41Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.9"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.8","date":"2022-10-19T13:39:51Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.8"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.7","date":"2022-05-18T15:53:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.7"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.6.1","date":"2021-06-22T17:26:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.6.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.5.1","date":"2018-08-15T18:41:17Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.5.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.5","date":"2018-08-16T11:00:56Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.4.2","date":"2016-04-25T16:40:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.4.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.2.1","date":"2015-12-09T21:59:50Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.1","date":"2015-06-24T19:38:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.0.1","date":"2015-02-17T14:35:22Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.0.1"}]` |
| reliability.status_page | - | yes |
| security.gdpr | yes | - |
| security.scorecard | 6.2 | 2.6 |
| security.vulnerabilities | `{"count":0,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=maven&package_name=com.vesoft%3Anebula-spark-connector&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":null}` | `{"count":0,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=maven&package_name=com.openlinksw%3Avirtjdbc4&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":null}` |

## Capabilities (Graph Databases)

| Capability | NebulaGraph | Virtuoso |
|---|:--:|:--:|
| **Model** |  |  |
| Graph model | Property graph | RDF / triple |
| Query language(s) | nGQL, OpenCypher, ISO-GQL | SPARQL |
| **Transactions** |  |  |
| ACID transactions | Full | - |
| Consistency model | Strong | - |
| **Architecture** |  |  |
| Storage | Pluggable backend | - |
| Distributed / scale | Sharded | - |
| Replication / HA | ✓ | - |
| OLTP vs OLAP | Both | Both |
| **Deployment** |  |  |
| Deployment | Self-hosted | Self-hosted |
| **Search** |  |  |
| Full-text search | Built-in | - |
| Built-in vector search | ✓ | - |
| **Licensing** |  |  |
| Licence class | Permissive OSS | - |
| **Portability** |  |  |
| openCypher / TinkerPop standard | ✓ | - |

*Source: Vioscale. Generated 2026-09-01T17:32:23.883Z. "-" = undocumented, not absent.*