# Kubeflow vs Ray

**Leader by Vioscale score:** Ray

| Attribute | Kubeflow | Ray |
|---|---|---|
| **Vioscale score** | 47.1 (44% (low)) | 66.8 (68% (medium)) |
| activity.commits_last_30d | 3 | 100 |
| adoption.dependent_repos | 40 | 3,641 |
| adoption.github_stars | 15,832 | 43,612 |
| adoption.package_downloads_weekly | - | 11,291,327 |
| deployment.options | `{"cloud":true,"on_prem":true,"self_hosted":true}` | `{"cloud":true,"hybrid":true,"on_prem":true,"self_hosted":true}` |
| description.long | Kubeflow is an open-source platform that provides composable, Kubernetes-native tools for the entire AI lifecycle, including model training, hyperparameter tuning, pipeline orchestration, model management, and notebook environments. It enables AI teams to build scalable ML systems on any Kubernetes infrastructure. | Ray is an open-source unified framework for scaling Python and machine learning applications across any infrastructure. It provides distributed compute primitives, specialized AI libraries for data processing, model training, tuning, and serving, with seamless scaling from development environments to large clusters. |
| features.capabilities | `{"role":"platform","managed_cloud":false,"model_serving":true,"self_hostable":true,"multi_provider":true,"vpc_deployment":true,"no_train_on_data":"yes","framework_agnostic":true,"experiment_tracking":true}` | `{"managed_cloud":true,"model_serving":true,"self_hostable":true,"multi_provider":true,"vpc_deployment":true,"framework_agnostic":true,"experiment_tracking":true}` |
| integrations.count | 7 | 17 |
| integrations.list | `[{"name":"PyTorch"},{"name":"TensorFlow"},{"name":"JAX"},{"name":"XGBoost"},{"name":"Spark"},{"name":"HuggingFace"},{"name":"DeepSpeed"},{"name":"Megatron"},{"name":"MLX"}]` | `[{"name":"PyTorch"},{"name":"TensorFlow"},{"name":"AIBrix"},{"name":"AReaL"},{"name":"Cosmos Curate"},{"name":"Daft"},{"name":"Data-Juicer"},{"name":"DeltaCAT"},{"name":"Modin"},{"name":"NeMo Curator"},{"name":"NeMo-RL"},{"name":"OpenRLHF"},{"name":"RayDP"},{"name":"ROLL"},{"name":"SkyRL"},{"name":"SLIME"},{"name":"Syftr"},{"name":"verl"},{"name":"vLLM"}]` |
| language.primary | - | Python |
| license.spdx | Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 |
| platform.support | `{"cli":true,"web":true}` | `{"cli":true}` |
| pricing | `{"type":"open_source","freeTier":true,"sourceUrl":"https://kubeflow.org","retrievedAt":"2026-08-14T11:09:14.539Z"}` | `{"type":"free","freeTier":true,"sourceUrl":"https://www.ray.io","retrievedAt":"2026-08-14T16:39:27.110Z"}` |
| pricing.free_tier | yes | yes |
| pricing.model | open_source | commercial |
| pricing.price_level | free | free |
| pricing.transparent | yes | - |
| release.cadence_days | 25 | 18 |
| release.history | `[{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/redirect","date":"2026-04-29T13:58:28Z","type":"stable","version":"redirect"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.10.0","date":"2025-03-25T21:59:50Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.10.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.9.2","date":"2024-10-23T23:52:22Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.9.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.9.1","date":"2024-10-02T21:36:38Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.9.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.9.0","date":"2024-07-16T21:41:27Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.9.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0","date":"2023-11-01T13:36:46Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.8.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0-rc.6","date":"2023-10-31T23:06:29Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.8.0-rc.6"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0-rc.5","date":"2023-10-25T19:01:42Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.8.0-rc.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0-rc.4","date":"2023-10-25T12:02:17Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.8.0-rc.4"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0-rc.3","date":"2023-10-24T15:55:58Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.8.0-rc.3"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0-rc.2","date":"2023-10-16T10:37:58Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.8.0-rc.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0-rc.1","date":"2023-09-21T10:25:13Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.8.0-rc.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.8.0-rc.0","date":"2023-09-07T14:51:47Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.8.0-rc.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.7.0","date":"2023-03-29T15:38:55Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.7.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.6.0","date":"2022-09-07T18:12:53Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.6.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.5.0","date":"2022-03-10T17:21:38Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.5.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.5.0-rc.1","date":"2022-02-14T16:18:02Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.5.0-rc.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.5.0-rc.0","date":"2022-02-14T15:58:54Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.5.0-rc.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.4.0","date":"2021-10-11T21:39:04Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.4.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow/releases/tag/v1.4-rc.0","date":"2021-09-14T17:18:05Z","type":"prerelease","version":"v1.4-rc.0"}]` | `[{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.58.0","date":"2026-08-23T05:42:08Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.58.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.57.0","date":"2026-08-11T01:15:44Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.57.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.56.1","date":"2026-07-17T23:19:47Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.56.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.56.0","date":"2026-06-29T20:32:55Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.56.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.55.1","date":"2026-04-22T20:24:41Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.55.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.55.0","date":"2026-04-15T20:34:27Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.55.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.54.1","date":"2026-03-25T23:37:39Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.54.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.54.0","date":"2026-02-18T23:44:44Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.54.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.53.0","date":"2025-12-20T15:16:24Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.53.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.51.2","date":"2025-11-29T00:40:40Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.51.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.52.1","date":"2025-11-28T02:23:22Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.52.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.52.0","date":"2025-11-21T19:10:39Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.52.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.51.1","date":"2025-11-01T03:27:11Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.51.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.51.0","date":"2025-10-29T05:33:49Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.51.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.50.1","date":"2025-10-18T19:21:43Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.50.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.50.0","date":"2025-10-10T23:06:29Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.50.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.49.2","date":"2025-09-19T18:10:36Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.49.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.49.1","date":"2025-09-03T00:44:11Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.49.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.49.0","date":"2025-08-26T19:52:24Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.49.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.48.0","date":"2025-07-18T22:27:25Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.48.0"}]` |
| reliability.status_page | - | yes |
| security.scorecard | 5.5 | 5.7 |
| security.vulnerabilities | `{"count":0,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=go&package_name=github.com%2Fkubeflow%2Fkubeflow%2Fcomponents%2Fprofile-controller&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":null}` | `{"count":12,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=pypi&package_name=ray&per_page=100","last_12m":6,"max_severity":"CRITICAL"}` |

## Capabilities (MLOps & LLMOps Tools)

| Capability | Kubeflow | Ray |
|---|:--:|:--:|
| **Core** |  |  |
| Tool role | End-to-end ML platform | - |
| **Deployment** |  |  |
| Self-hostable / OSS core | ✓ | ✓ |
| Managed cloud available | ✗ | ✓ |
| On-prem / VPC deployment | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Observability** |  |  |
| LLM tracing / observability | - | - |
| Evaluation (offline / LLM-judge / human) | - | - |
| **Dev** |  |  |
| Prompt management + versioning | - | - |
| **Tracking** |  |  |
| Experiment tracking / model registry | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Serving** |  |  |
| Model serving / inference endpoint | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Interop** |  |  |
| OpenTelemetry / OpenLLMetry compatible | - | - |
| Framework-agnostic | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Gateway** |  |  |
| Multi-provider model support | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Data** |  |  |
| No-train-on-customer-data guarantee | Yes | - |

*Source: Vioscale. Generated 2026-09-01T16:32:57.119Z. "-" = undocumented, not absent.*