# Amazon Neptune vs Virtuoso

**Leader by Vioscale score:** Amazon Neptune

| Attribute | Amazon Neptune | Virtuoso |
|---|---|---|
| **Vioscale score** | 44.9 (56% (medium)) | 34.5 (62% (medium)) |
| activity.commits_last_30d | - | 16 |
| adoption.dependent_repos | - | 1 |
| adoption.github_stars | - | 973 |
| adoption.package_downloads_weekly | - | 22 |
| deployment.options | `{"cloud":true}` | `{"self_hosted":true}` |
| description.long | A cloud-based graph database that scales serverlessly and analyzes relationships across structured and unstructured data. Designed to improve AI application accuracy through integrated GraphRAG capabilities and support for agentic memory tools. | Enterprise-grade platform designed to consolidate and govern data from diverse sources—databases, knowledge graphs, file systems, and APIs—with built-in support for AI agents and language model integration. |
| features.capabilities | `{"workload":"both","deployment":"managed","distributed":"sharded","graph_model":"multi_model","licence_class":"proprietary","vector_search":true,"query_language":"Gremlin, openCypher, SPARQL","replication_ha":true,"full_text_search":"none","standard_support":true,"acid_transactions":"full"}` | `{"workload":"both","deployment":"self_hosted","graph_model":"rdf_triple","query_language":"SPARQL"}` |
| integrations.count | 2 | 6 |
| integrations.list | `[{"name":"Amazon Bedrock Knowledge Bases"},{"name":"Strands AI Agents SDK"}]` | `[{"name":"SQLAlchemy"},{"name":"RDFLib"},{"name":"SQL databases"},{"name":"NoSQL databases"},{"name":"Linked Data sources"},{"name":"APIs"}]` |
| language.primary | - | C |
| license.spdx | - | BSD |
| market.availability | `{"primaryMarkets":["US"],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` | `{"primaryMarkets":["US"],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` |
| platform.support | `{"cli":true,"web":true}` | `{"cli":true,"mac":true,"linux":true,"windows":true}` |
| pricing | `{"type":"hybrid","plans":[{"free":false,"name":"On-demand","summary":"Pay-as-you-go with no commitments","features":["No minimum fees","No upfront commitments","Flexible configuration"],"description":"Pay-as-you-go pricing with no minimum fees or upfront commitments","contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Serverless","summary":"Serverless with automatic scaling","features":["Automatic scaling","No minimum fees","No upfront commitments"],"description":"Automatically scales graph workloads with no minimum fees or upfront commitments","contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Database Savings Plans","summary":"Usage-based savings plan with 1-year commitment","features":["Savings vs. on-demand","1-year commitment"],"commitment":"annual","description":"Flexible pricing model offering savings in exchange for commitment to specific usage over 1-year term","contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Neptune Analytics","summary":"Per m-NCU-hour billing with pause option","features":["Fast analytics on billions of connections","In-memory storage","Optimized graph algorithms","Low-latency queries","Vector search","Pause/resume capability"],"description":"Analytic database engine for fast analytics over graph data. Billed per m-NCU (each m-NCU = 1 GB memory + compute/networking for 1 hour). Pause capability costs 10% of normal compute price.","contactSales":false}],"summary":"Pay-as-you-go pricing with on-demand, serverless, and savings plan options. No minimum fees or upfront commitments for on-demand/serverless.","currency":"USD","freeTier":false,"sourceUrl":"https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/","retrievedAt":"2026-08-01T15:15:07.725Z","billingPeriods":["hour","month","year"]}` | `{"type":"perpetual","plans":[{"free":false,"name":"Personal","summary":"$99.99 one-time","components":[{"kind":"one_time","amount":99.99,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Individual workstation license for single-user development","contactSales":false,"includedLimits":{"cores":"2","users":"1"}},{"free":false,"name":"Developer","summary":"$199 one-time","components":[{"kind":"one_time","amount":199,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Development workstation license for small teams","contactSales":false,"includedLimits":{"cores":"8","users":"5"}},{"free":false,"name":"Project","summary":"$499 one-time","components":[{"kind":"one_time","amount":499,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Project-focused workstation license with expanded resources","contactSales":false,"includedLimits":{"cores":"16","users":"5"}},{"free":false,"name":"Enterprise","summary":"Custom pricing, contact sales","features":["Unlimited Concurrent Sessions","Unlimited CPU Cores","Server-Grade Operating Systems","Enterprise Support","Custom Licensing Terms"],"description":"Custom license for production server deployment","contactSales":true}],"summary":"From $99.99 perpetual license, Enterprise custom pricing","currency":"USD","freeTier":false,"sourceUrl":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","retrievedAt":"2026-08-14T08:36:04.886Z","startingPrice":{"amount":99.99,"period":"month","currency":"USD"}}` |
| pricing.free_tier | no | no |
| pricing.model | commercial | commercial |
| pricing.price_level | unknown | high |
| pricing.transparent | yes | yes |
| release.cadence_days | - | 143 |
| release.history | - | `[{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.17","date":"2026-05-07T16:19:38Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.17"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.16.1","date":"2025-10-15T19:19:08Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.16.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.16","date":"2025-10-14T16:23:00Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.16"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.15","date":"2025-05-21T14:32:44Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.15"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.14","date":"2024-11-11T16:10:53Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.14"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.13","date":"2024-06-12T08:08:55Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.13"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.12","date":"2024-02-13T17:03:29Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.12"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.11","date":"2023-09-26T16:53:27Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.11"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.10","date":"2023-06-07T14:13:02Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.10"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.9","date":"2023-02-28T09:52:41Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.9"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.8","date":"2022-10-19T13:39:51Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.8"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.7","date":"2022-05-18T15:53:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.7"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.6.1","date":"2021-06-22T17:26:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.6.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.5.1","date":"2018-08-15T18:41:17Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.5.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.5","date":"2018-08-16T11:00:56Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.4.2","date":"2016-04-25T16:40:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.4.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.2.1","date":"2015-12-09T21:59:50Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.1","date":"2015-06-24T19:38:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.0.1","date":"2015-02-17T14:35:22Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.0.1"}]` |
| reliability.status_page | yes | yes |
| security.disclosure_policy | yes | - |
| security.scorecard | - | 2.6 |
| security.vulnerabilities | - | `{"count":0,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=maven&package_name=com.openlinksw%3Avirtjdbc4&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":null}` |

## Capabilities (Graph Databases)

| Capability | Amazon Neptune | Virtuoso |
|---|:--:|:--:|
| **Model** |  |  |
| Graph model | Multi-model | RDF / triple |
| Query language(s) | Gremlin, openCypher, SPARQL | SPARQL |
| **Transactions** |  |  |
| ACID transactions | Full | - |
| Consistency model | - | - |
| **Architecture** |  |  |
| Storage | - | - |
| Distributed / scale | Sharded | - |
| Replication / HA | ✓ | - |
| OLTP vs OLAP | Both | Both |
| **Deployment** |  |  |
| Deployment | Managed | Self-hosted |
| **Search** |  |  |
| Full-text search | None | - |
| Built-in vector search | ✓ | - |
| **Licensing** |  |  |
| Licence class | Proprietary | - |
| **Portability** |  |  |
| openCypher / TinkerPop standard | ✓ | - |

*Source: Vioscale. Generated 2026-09-01T15:20:38.935Z. "-" = undocumented, not absent.*