# Ray vs ZenML

**Leader by vioscaleAI score:** Ray

| Attribute | Ray | ZenML |
|---|---|---|
| **vioscaleAI score** | 70.8 (65% (medium)) | 60.8 (52% (medium)) |
| activity.commits_last_30d | 100 | 41 |
| adoption.dependent_repos | 3,641 | 44 |
| adoption.github_stars | 44,036 | 5,615 |
| adoption.package_downloads_weekly | 11,291,327 | - |
| content.faq | `[{"answer":"Ray is an open-source unified framework for scaling Python and machine learning applications across any infrastructure. It provides distributed compute primitives, specialized AI libraries for data processing, model training, tuning, and serving, with seamless scaling from development environments to large clusters. It is indexed under MLOps & LLMOps Tools.","source":"https://www.ray.io","question":"What is Ray?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Ray offers a free tier, so you can start without paying. Pricing changes often, so verify at source before relying on it.","source":"https://www.ray.io","question":"Is Ray free?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Ray supports a command-line interface. Platforms we have not confirmed are simply not listed here rather than ruled out.","source":"https://www.ray.io","question":"What platforms does Ray support?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. Ray can be deployed cloud / SaaS, hybrid, on-premise and self-hosted, so it does not have to run on the vendor's infrastructure.","source":"https://www.ray.io","question":"Can Ray be self-hosted?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have confirmed 19 integrations for Ray, including PyTorch, TensorFlow, AIBrix, AReaL, Cosmos Curate, Daft, Data-Juicer and DeltaCAT, plus 11 more. This is what we could verify from public sources, so the vendor may support others we have not indexed.","source":"https://www.ray.io","question":"What does Ray integrate with?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. Ray is published under the Apache-2.0 licence, a permissive licence that generally allows commercial use and modification. Licence terms can change between releases, so verify against the repository for the version you intend to use.","source":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray","question":"Is Ray open source?","confidence":0.67}]` | `[{"answer":"An MLOps framework that provides reproducible machine learning pipelines with automatic logging, versioning, and observability. Includes agent runtime capabilities (Kitaru) for building replayable agent workflows, deployable on your existing infrastructure without vendor lock-in. It is indexed under MLOps & LLMOps Tools.","source":"https://www.zenml.io/blog/crewai-pricing","question":"What is ZenML?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"ZenML is open source, so it can be self-hosted and used at no licence cost. It is released under the Apache-2.0 licence. Paid editions are also offered: Pro, priced on request. Pricing changes often, so verify at source before relying on it.","source":"https://www.zenml.io/blog/crewai-pricing","question":"Is ZenML free to use?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"ZenML supports the web and a command-line interface. Platforms we have not confirmed are simply not listed here rather than ruled out.","source":"https://www.zenml.io/blog/crewai-pricing","question":"What platforms does ZenML support?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. ZenML can be deployed cloud / SaaS, hybrid, on-premise and self-hosted, so it does not have to run on the vendor's infrastructure.","source":"https://www.zenml.io/blog/crewai-pricing","question":"Can ZenML be self-hosted?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have confirmed 4 integrations for ZenML, including Git, Kubernetes, Docker and Poetry. This is what we could verify from public sources, so the vendor may support others we have not indexed.","source":"https://www.zenml.io/blog/crewai-pricing","question":"What does ZenML integrate with?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have independently confirmed SOC 2 and ISO 27001 for ZenML. Certifications we do not list are ones we have not been able to verify from public sources, which is not the same as ZenML not holding them. Always confirm compliance directly before you rely on it.","source":"https://www.zenml.io","question":"What security certifications does ZenML have?","confidence":0.48},{"answer":"Yes. ZenML is published under the Apache-2.0 licence, a permissive licence that generally allows commercial use and modification. Licence terms can change between releases, so verify against the repository for the version you intend to use.","source":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml","question":"Is ZenML open source?","confidence":0.95}]` |
| deployment.options | `{"cloud":true,"self_hosted":true}` | `{"cloud":true,"hybrid":true,"self_hosted":true}` |
| description.long | Open-source framework for building and scaling distributed ML and Python applications, supporting the full pipeline from data processing and model training to inference and serving with simple APIs. | ZenML is a Python-based orchestration framework that manages machine learning pipelines and agents across any infrastructure, from local development to production Kubernetes clusters. It provides centralized artifact management, automated tracking and versioning, and enterprise-grade security compliance for reproducible AI systems. |
| features.capabilities | `{"role":"framework","managed_cloud":true,"model_serving":true,"self_hostable":true,"multi_provider":true,"vpc_deployment":true,"otel_compatible":true,"llm_observability":true,"framework_agnostic":true,"experiment_tracking":true}` | `{"role":"platform","evaluation":true,"managed_cloud":true,"model_serving":true,"self_hostable":true,"multi_provider":true,"vpc_deployment":true,"otel_compatible":true,"llm_observability":true,"prompt_management":true,"framework_agnostic":true,"experiment_tracking":true}` |
| integrations.count | 17 | 60 |
| integrations.list | `[{"name":"PyTorch"},{"name":"TensorFlow"},{"name":"AIBrix"},{"name":"AReaL"},{"name":"Cosmos Curate"},{"name":"Daft"},{"name":"Data-Juicer"},{"name":"DeltaCAT"},{"name":"Modin"},{"name":"NeMo Curator"},{"name":"NeMo-RL"},{"name":"OpenRLHF"},{"name":"RayDP"},{"name":"ROLL"},{"name":"SkyRL"},{"name":"SLIME"},{"name":"Syftr"},{"name":"verl"},{"name":"vLLM"},{"name":"Kubernetes","native":true,"category":"infrastructure"},{"name":"AWS","native":true,"category":"cloud"},{"name":"GCP","native":true,"category":"cloud"},{"name":"Azure","native":true,"category":"cloud"},{"name":"Databricks","native":true,"category":"data_platform"},{"name":"DeltaLake","native":true,"category":"data_storage"},{"name":"Spark","native":true,"category":"data_processing","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"Pandas","native":true,"category":"data_processing","direction":"bidirectional"}]` | `[{"name":"Git"},{"name":"GitHub"},{"name":"GitLab"},{"name":"Kubernetes"},{"name":"Docker"},{"name":"Poetry"},{"name":"Slack","native":true,"category":"chat","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"ClickUp","native":true,"category":"project management","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"MLflow","native":true,"category":"experiment tracking","direction":"outbound"},{"name":"Databricks","native":true,"category":"data platform","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"Trackio","native":true,"category":"experiment tracking","direction":"outbound"},{"name":"OpenAI","native":true,"category":"LLM provider","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"LangGraph","native":true,"category":"workflow framework","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"PyTorch","native":true,"category":"ML framework","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"scikit-learn","native":true,"category":"ML framework","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"Hugging Face","native":true,"category":"model hub","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"LlamaIndex","native":true,"category":"RAG framework","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"PyTorch Lightning","native":true,"category":"ML framework","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"Axolotl","native":true,"category":"ML framework","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"AzureML","native":true,"category":"ML service","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"AWS","native":true,"category":"cloud provider","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"Google Cloud","native":true,"category":"cloud provider","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"Azure","native":true,"category":"cloud provider","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"DigitalOcean","native":true,"category":"cloud provider","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"Kubeflow","native":true,"category":"ML orchestration","direction":"bidirectional"},{"name":"MySQL","native":true}]` |
| language.primary | Python | Python |
| license.spdx | Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 |
| market.availability | - | `{"primaryMarkets":["US"],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` |
| platform.support | `{"cli":true}` | `{"cli":true,"mac":true,"linux":true,"windows":true}` |
| pricing | `{"type":"open_source","sourceUrl":"https://www.ray.io","retrievedAt":"2026-09-14T15:30:52.746Z"}` | `{"type":"hybrid","plans":[{"free":true,"name":"Community","summary":"Free, self-hosted","features":["experiment tracking","pipeline orchestration","artifact storage","model versioning"],"description":"Open-source self-hosted version with no license cost","contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Pro","summary":"Managed service pricing not specified","features":["managed control plane","governance","SSO","SLA support","audit trails"],"description":"Managed cloud service with governance and SSO features","contactSales":false}],"summary":"Free open-source version; managed Pro service available","currency":"USD","freeTier":true,"sourceUrl":"https://www.zenml.io/blog/clearml-pricing","retrievedAt":"2026-09-10T21:07:20.688Z","billingPeriods":["month"]}` |
| pricing.free_tier | yes | yes |
| pricing.model | commercial | commercial |
| pricing.price_level | free | low |
| pricing.transparent | - | no |
| release.cadence_days | 18 | 15 |
| release.history | `[{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.59.0","date":"2026-10-02T07:04:37Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.59.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.58.0","date":"2026-08-23T05:42:08Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.58.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.57.0","date":"2026-08-11T01:15:44Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.57.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.56.1","date":"2026-07-17T23:19:47Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.56.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.56.0","date":"2026-06-29T20:32:55Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.56.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.55.1","date":"2026-04-22T20:24:41Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.55.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.55.0","date":"2026-04-15T20:34:27Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.55.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.54.1","date":"2026-03-25T23:37:39Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.54.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.54.0","date":"2026-02-18T23:44:44Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.54.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.53.0","date":"2025-12-20T15:16:24Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.53.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.51.2","date":"2025-11-29T00:40:40Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.51.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.52.1","date":"2025-11-28T02:23:22Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.52.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.52.0","date":"2025-11-21T19:10:39Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.52.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.51.1","date":"2025-11-01T03:27:11Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.51.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.51.0","date":"2025-10-29T05:33:49Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.51.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.50.1","date":"2025-10-18T19:21:43Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.50.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.50.0","date":"2025-10-10T23:06:29Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.50.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.49.2","date":"2025-09-19T18:10:36Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.49.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.49.1","date":"2025-09-03T00:44:11Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.49.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/releases/tag/ray-2.49.0","date":"2025-08-26T19:52:24Z","type":"stable","version":"ray-2.49.0"}]` | `[{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.97.0","date":"2026-09-23T13:30:23Z","type":"stable","version":"0.97.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.96.4","date":"2026-09-04T13:32:22Z","type":"stable","version":"0.96.4"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.96.3","date":"2026-08-07T13:24:25Z","type":"stable","version":"0.96.3"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.96.2","date":"2026-07-17T11:21:15Z","type":"stable","version":"0.96.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.96.1","date":"2026-07-02T20:38:13Z","type":"stable","version":"0.96.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.96.0","date":"2026-07-02T12:52:05Z","type":"stable","version":"0.96.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.95.1","date":"2026-06-18T12:24:26Z","type":"stable","version":"0.95.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.95.0","date":"2026-06-17T15:08:22Z","type":"stable","version":"0.95.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.94.6","date":"2026-06-02T10:57:18Z","type":"stable","version":"0.94.6"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.94.5","date":"2026-05-29T10:10:53Z","type":"stable","version":"0.94.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.94.4","date":"2026-05-12T15:13:19Z","type":"stable","version":"0.94.4"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.94.3","date":"2026-04-24T13:55:54Z","type":"stable","version":"0.94.3"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.94.2","date":"2026-04-08T15:00:24Z","type":"stable","version":"0.94.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.94.1","date":"2026-03-19T17:11:55Z","type":"stable","version":"0.94.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.94.0","date":"2026-03-04T18:22:00Z","type":"stable","version":"0.94.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.93.3","date":"2026-02-19T09:59:12Z","type":"stable","version":"0.93.3"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.93.2","date":"2026-01-29T22:30:18Z","type":"stable","version":"0.93.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.93.1","date":"2026-01-14T09:20:00Z","type":"stable","version":"0.93.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.93.0","date":"2025-12-16T09:19:32Z","type":"stable","version":"0.93.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/releases/tag/0.92.0","date":"2025-12-02T06:42:19Z","type":"stable","version":"0.92.0"}]` |
| reliability.status_page | yes | yes |
| security.certifications | - | `[{"name":"SOC 2 Type II","level":"Type II","status":"active"},{"name":"ISO 27001","status":"active"}]` |
| security.iso27001 | - | yes |
| security.scorecard | 5.7 | 6.8 |
| security.soc2 | - | yes |
| security.trust_center | - | https://www.zenml.io/blog/navigating-ofgem-compliance-for-ml-systems-in-energy-a-practical-guide |
| security.vulnerabilities | `{"count":12,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=pypi&package_name=ray&per_page=100","last_12m":6,"max_severity":"CRITICAL"}` | `{"count":14,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=pypi&package_name=zenml&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":"CRITICAL"}` |

## Capabilities (MLOps & LLMOps Tools)

| Capability | Ray | ZenML |
|---|:--:|:--:|
| **Core** |  |  |
| Tool role | Agent / RAG framework | End-to-end ML platform |
| **Deployment** |  |  |
| Self-hostable / OSS core | ✓ | ✓ |
| Managed cloud available | ✓ | ✓ |
| On-prem / VPC deployment | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Observability** |  |  |
| LLM tracing / observability | ✓ | ✓ |
| Evaluation (offline / LLM-judge / human) | - | ✓ |
| **Dev** |  |  |
| Prompt management + versioning | - | ✓ |
| **Tracking** |  |  |
| Experiment tracking / model registry | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Serving** |  |  |
| Model serving / inference endpoint | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Interop** |  |  |
| OpenTelemetry / OpenLLMetry compatible | ✓ | ✓ |
| Framework-agnostic | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Gateway** |  |  |
| Multi-provider model support | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Data** |  |  |
| No-train-on-customer-data guarantee | - | - |

*Source: vioscaleAI. Generated 2026-10-22T15:22:22.918Z. "-" = undocumented, not absent.*