# NebulaGraph vs Virtuoso

| Attribute | NebulaGraph | Virtuoso |
|---|---|---|
| **vioscaleAI score** | 40.8 (67% (medium)) | 36.7 (77% (high)) |
| activity.commits_last_30d | 2 | 9 |
| adoption.dependent_repos | 5 | 1 |
| adoption.github_stars | 12,433 | 975 |
| adoption.package_downloads_weekly | - | 22 |
| content.faq | `[{"answer":"NebulaGraph is a distributed graph database built for processing complex relationship data with millisecond latency. It enables fraud detection, recommendations, knowledge graphs, and real-time analytics across large interconnected datasets for enterprises. It is indexed under Graph Databases.","source":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","question":"What is NebulaGraph?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"NebulaGraph is open source, so it can be self-hosted and used at no licence cost. It is released under the Apache-2.0 licence. A commercial or hosted edition starts at $0.35. Pricing changes often, so verify at source before relying on it.","source":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","question":"Is NebulaGraph free to use?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"NebulaGraph supports Linux and a command-line interface. Platforms we have not confirmed are simply not listed here rather than ruled out.","source":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","question":"What platforms does NebulaGraph support?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. NebulaGraph can be deployed cloud / SaaS and self-hosted, so it does not have to run on the vendor's infrastructure.","source":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","question":"Can NebulaGraph be self-hosted?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have confirmed 7 integrations for NebulaGraph, including Azure Marketplace, AWS (planned), Google Cloud Platform (planned), Nebula Studio, Nebula Explorer, Nebula Dashboard and ElasticSearch. This is what we could verify from public sources, so the vendor may support others we have not indexed.","source":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","question":"What does NebulaGraph integrate with?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have independently confirmed GDPR for NebulaGraph. Certifications we do not list are ones we have not been able to verify from public sources, which is not the same as NebulaGraph not holding them. Always confirm compliance directly before you rely on it.","source":"https://nebula-graph.io/posts/bridging-compliance-and-security-graph-technology-for-stablecoin-transaction-monitoring","question":"What security certifications does NebulaGraph have?","confidence":0.7},{"answer":"Yes. NebulaGraph is published under the Apache-2.0 licence, a permissive licence that generally allows commercial use and modification. Licence terms can change between releases, so verify against the repository for the version you intend to use.","source":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula","question":"Is NebulaGraph open source?","confidence":0.95},{"answer":"NebulaGraph is available worldwide. Its primary market is the United States. The vendor is headquartered in the United States.","source":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","question":"Where is NebulaGraph available?","confidence":0.75}]` | `[{"answer":"Enterprise-grade platform designed to consolidate and govern data from diverse sources—databases, knowledge graphs, file systems, and APIs—with built-in support for AI agents and language model integration. It is indexed under Graph Databases.","source":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","question":"What is Virtuoso?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Virtuoso is a paid product; published pricing starts at $99.99. It is sold across 4 plans (Personal, Developer, Project and Enterprise). There is no free tier. Prices are published openly on the vendor's own pricing page. Pricing changes often, so verify at source before relying on it.","source":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","question":"How much does Virtuoso cost?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Virtuoso supports Windows, macOS, Linux and a command-line interface. Platforms we have not confirmed are simply not listed here rather than ruled out.","source":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","question":"What platforms does Virtuoso support?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. Virtuoso can be deployed self-hosted, so it does not have to run on the vendor's infrastructure.","source":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","question":"Can Virtuoso be self-hosted?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have confirmed 5 integrations for Virtuoso, including SQLAlchemy, RDFLib, SQL databases, Linked Data sources and APIs. This is what we could verify from public sources, so the vendor may support others we have not indexed.","source":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","question":"What does Virtuoso integrate with?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. Virtuoso is published under the BSD licence, a permissive licence that generally allows commercial use and modification. Licence terms can change between releases, so verify against the repository for the version you intend to use.","source":"https://pypi.org/pypi/virtuoso/json","question":"Is Virtuoso open source?","confidence":0.9},{"answer":"Virtuoso is available worldwide. Its primary market is the United States.","source":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing/","question":"Where is Virtuoso available?","confidence":0.5}]` |
| deployment.options | `{"cloud":true,"self_hosted":true}` | `{"on_prem":true,"self_hosted":true}` |
| description.long | An open-source, distributed graph database system designed to query large relationship networks with millisecond latency while supporting complex graph analytics and high availability across multiple nodes. | A database server supporting both conventional relational data via SQL and semantic graphs via SPARQL and GraphQL. Designed to integrate diverse data sources into a unified system that enables knowledge graph creation, reasoning, and enterprise-wide data discovery. |
| features.capabilities | `{"storage":"pluggable","workload":"both","deployment":"self_hosted","consistency":"strong","distributed":"sharded","graph_model":"property_graph","licence_class":"permissive","vector_search":true,"query_language":"nGQL, OpenCypher, ISO-GQL","replication_ha":true,"full_text_search":"built_in","standard_support":true,"acid_transactions":"full"}` | `{"workload":"both","deployment":"self_hosted","graph_model":"rdf_triple","licence_class":"source_available","query_language":"SPARQL","replication_ha":true,"standard_support":true}` |
| integrations.count | 7 | 6 |
| integrations.list | `[{"name":"Azure Marketplace"},{"name":"AWS (planned)"},{"name":"Google Cloud Platform (planned)"},{"name":"Nebula Studio"},{"name":"Nebula Explorer"},{"name":"Nebula Dashboard"},{"name":"ElasticSearch"},{"name":"HDFS","native":true}]` | `[{"name":"SQLAlchemy"},{"name":"RDFLib"},{"name":"SQL databases"},{"name":"NoSQL databases"},{"name":"Linked Data sources"},{"name":"APIs"}]` |
| language.primary | C++ | C |
| license.spdx | Apache-2.0 | BSD |
| market.availability | `{"hqCountry":"US","primaryMarkets":["US"],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` | `{"primaryMarkets":["US"],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` |
| platform.support | `{"cli":true,"web":true,"linux":true}` | `{"mac":true,"web":true,"linux":true,"windows":true}` |
| pricing | `{"type":"hybrid","plans":[{"free":true,"name":"Open-source Edition","summary":"Free, open-source","features":["Subset of core features","Graph query language support (nGQL/openCypher, ISO-GQL)","Graph algorithms and analytics","Community support"],"components":[{"kind":"fixed","amount":0,"period":"month","currency":"USD"}],"description":"Community-supported graph database for developers and experimental use cases","contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Enterprise Edition","features":["Enhanced performance","Enterprise-grade stability and security","Premium support service","Multiple deployment methods","Advanced features: REST API, vector search, multi-graph queries, plugin management","Fine-grained permission management at multiple levels","SAML 2.0 and OIDC authentication","Audit logging and compliance tools"],"description":"Production-grade deployment with enterprise performance, security, and dedicated support","contactSales":true},{"free":false,"name":"NebulaGraph Cloud","summary":"From $0.35/hour (beta pricing with 70% discount); 14-day free trial","features":["One-click deployment and scaling","High availability with multi-data center replication","Automatic backup and restoration","Integrated visualization tools (Nebula Studio, Explorer, Dashboard)","Fine-grained access control"],"components":[{"per":{"qty":1,"unit":"hour"},"kind":"metered","amount":0.35,"currency":"USD"}],"description":"Managed cloud database service with pay-as-you-go consumption pricing","contactSales":false}],"summary":"Free open-source edition; enterprise licensing and managed cloud options available","currency":"USD","freeTier":true,"sourceUrl":"https://nebula-graph.io/pricing","retrievedAt":"2026-08-14T16:42:25.955Z","freeTrialDays":14,"startingPrice":{"amount":0.35,"period":"month","currency":"USD"},"billingPeriods":["month","hour"]}` | `{"type":"hybrid","plans":[{"free":false,"name":"Personal","summary":"$99.99/year","features":["2 Concurrent Sessions","CPU Core Affinity","Linux, Windows, macOS","Workstation"],"commitment":"annual","components":[{"kind":"fixed","amount":99.99,"period":"year","currency":"USD"}],"contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Developer","summary":"$199/year","features":["5 Concurrent Sessions","Application Development License"],"commitment":"annual","components":[{"kind":"fixed","amount":199,"period":"year","currency":"USD"}],"contactSales":false},{"free":false,"name":"Project","summary":"$499/year","features":["16 Concurrent Sessions","Unlimited CPU Cores","Server-Grade Operating Systems","Enterprise Support"],"commitment":"annual","components":[{"kind":"fixed","amount":499,"period":"year","currency":"USD"}],"contactSales":false}],"summary":"From $99.99/year for workstation licenses. Free open-source edition available under GPL. Perpetual enterprise licenses available on request.","currency":"USD","freeTier":true,"sourceUrl":"https://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/pricing","retrievedAt":"2026-10-13T15:16:38.643Z","startingPrice":{"amount":99.99,"period":"year","currency":"USD"},"billingPeriods":["year"]}` |
| pricing.free_tier | yes | yes |
| pricing.model | open_source | freemium |
| pricing.price_level | free | high |
| pricing.starting_price | - | `{"amount":99.99,"currency":"USD"}` |
| pricing.transparent | no | yes |
| release.cadence_days | 74 | 143 |
| release.history | `[{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.8.0","date":"2024-05-17T10:33:59Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.8.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.6.0","date":"2023-08-11T03:55:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.6.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.5.0","date":"2023-05-23T10:06:24Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.5.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.4.1","date":"2023-03-08T03:14:19Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.4.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.4.0","date":"2023-02-09T10:19:49Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.4.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.3.0","date":"2022-10-31T06:06:15Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.3.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.2.1","date":"2022-09-16T02:52:30Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.2.0","date":"2022-07-18T02:31:18Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.2.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.1.0","date":"2022-04-24T09:53:58Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.1.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.0.2","date":"2022-03-29T02:15:07Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.0.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.0.1","date":"2022-03-15T04:17:00Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.0.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v3.0.0","date":"2022-02-16T02:11:49Z","type":"stable","version":"v3.0.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v2.6.2","date":"2022-01-26T02:14:57Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.6.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v2.6.1","date":"2021-11-03T11:04:45Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.6.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v2.6.0","date":"2021-10-25T11:06:57Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.6.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.2.1","date":"2021-04-15T02:49:45Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.2.0","date":"2020-12-08T03:19:25Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.2.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.1.0","date":"2020-09-21T04:29:17Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.1.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.0.1","date":"2020-07-09T03:34:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.0.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula/releases/tag/v1.0.0","date":"2020-06-10T07:28:42Z","type":"stable","version":"v1.0.0"}]` | `[{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.17","date":"2026-05-07T16:19:38Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.17"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.16.1","date":"2025-10-15T19:19:08Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.16.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.16","date":"2025-10-14T16:23:00Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.16"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.15","date":"2025-05-21T14:32:44Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.15"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.14","date":"2024-11-11T16:10:53Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.14"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.13","date":"2024-06-12T08:08:55Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.13"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.12","date":"2024-02-13T17:03:29Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.12"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.11","date":"2023-09-26T16:53:27Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.11"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.10","date":"2023-06-07T14:13:02Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.10"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.9","date":"2023-02-28T09:52:41Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.9"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.8","date":"2022-10-19T13:39:51Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.8"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.7","date":"2022-05-18T15:53:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.7"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.6.1","date":"2021-06-22T17:26:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.6.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.5.1","date":"2018-08-15T18:41:17Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.5.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.5","date":"2018-08-16T11:00:56Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.4.2","date":"2016-04-25T16:40:01Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.4.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.2.1","date":"2015-12-09T21:59:50Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.1","date":"2015-06-24T19:38:34Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/openlink/virtuoso-opensource/releases/tag/v7.2.0.1","date":"2015-02-17T14:35:22Z","type":"stable","version":"v7.2.0.1"}]` |
| reliability.sla_pct | 99.999 | - |
| reliability.status_page | - | yes |
| security.gdpr | yes | - |
| security.scorecard | 5.7 | 2.7 |
| security.trust_center | https://nebula-graph.io/posts/bridging-compliance-and-security-graph-technology-for-stablecoin-transaction-monitoring | - |
| security.vulnerabilities | `{"count":0,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=maven&package_name=com.vesoft%3Anebula-spark-connector&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":null}` | `{"count":0,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=maven&package_name=com.openlinksw%3Avirtjdbc4&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":null}` |

## Capabilities (Graph Databases)

| Capability | NebulaGraph | Virtuoso |
|---|:--:|:--:|
| **Model** |  |  |
| Graph model | Property graph | RDF / triple |
| Query language(s) | nGQL, OpenCypher, ISO-GQL | SPARQL |
| **Transactions** |  |  |
| ACID transactions | Full | - |
| Consistency model | Strong | - |
| **Architecture** |  |  |
| Storage | Pluggable backend | - |
| Distributed / scale | Sharded | - |
| Replication / HA | ✓ | ✓ |
| OLTP vs OLAP | Both | Both |
| **Deployment** |  |  |
| Deployment | Self-hosted | Self-hosted |
| **Search** |  |  |
| Full-text search | Built-in | - |
| Built-in vector search | ✓ | - |
| **Licensing** |  |  |
| Licence class | Permissive OSS | Source-available |
| **Portability** |  |  |
| openCypher / TinkerPop standard | ✓ | ✓ |

*Source: vioscaleAI. Generated 2026-10-16T20:02:01.892Z. "-" = undocumented, not absent.*