# Istio vs Kuma

| Attribute | Istio | Kuma |
|---|---|---|
| **vioscaleAI score** | 55.7 (53% (medium)) | 51.5 (43% (low)) |
| activity.commits_last_30d | 100 | 100 |
| adoption.dependent_repos | 149 | 8 |
| adoption.github_stars | 38,429 | 4,012 |
| content.faq | `[{"answer":"Istio extends Kubernetes with programmable networking capabilities, enabling traffic management, mutual TLS encryption, authorization, and observability across services. It supports both traditional sidecar proxy deployment and newer ambient mesh mode without sidecar injection. It is indexed under Service Mesh.","source":"https://istio.io","question":"What is Istio?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Istio is open source, so it can be self-hosted and used at no licence cost. It is released under the Apache-2.0 licence. Pricing changes often, so verify at source before relying on it.","source":"https://istio.io","question":"Is Istio free to use?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Istio supports a command-line interface. Platforms we have not confirmed are simply not listed here rather than ruled out.","source":"https://istio.io","question":"What platforms does Istio support?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. Istio can be deployed cloud / SaaS and self-hosted, so it does not have to run on the vendor's infrastructure.","source":"https://istio.io","question":"Can Istio be self-hosted?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have independently confirmed GDPR for Istio. Certifications we do not list are ones we have not been able to verify from public sources, which is not the same as Istio not holding them. Always confirm compliance directly before you rely on it.","source":"https://istio.io/latest/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/","question":"What security certifications does Istio have?","confidence":0.7},{"answer":"Yes. Istio is published under the Apache-2.0 licence, a permissive licence that generally allows commercial use and modification. Licence terms can change between releases, so verify against the repository for the version you intend to use.","source":"https://github.com/istio/istio","question":"Is Istio open source?","confidence":0.95}]` | `[{"answer":"Open-source control plane for service mesh delivering security, observability, routing and more. Built on Envoy with support for Kubernetes, VMs, and multi-cluster deployments. It is indexed under Service Mesh.","source":"https://kuma.io","question":"What is Kuma?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Kuma is open source, so it can be self-hosted and used at no licence cost. It is released under the Apache-2.0 licence. Pricing changes often, so verify at source before relying on it.","source":"https://kuma.io","question":"Is Kuma free to use?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Kuma supports the web and a command-line interface. Platforms we have not confirmed are simply not listed here rather than ruled out.","source":"https://kuma.io","question":"What platforms does Kuma support?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"Yes. Kuma can be deployed cloud / SaaS, hybrid, on-premise and self-hosted, so it does not have to run on the vendor's infrastructure.","source":"https://kuma.io","question":"Can Kuma be self-hosted?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have confirmed 4 integrations for Kuma, including Prometheus, Grafana, Datadog and OpenTelemetry. This is what we could verify from public sources, so the vendor may support others we have not indexed.","source":"https://kuma.io","question":"What does Kuma integrate with?","confidence":0.6},{"answer":"We have independently confirmed GDPR for Kuma. Certifications we do not list are ones we have not been able to verify from public sources, which is not the same as Kuma not holding them. Always confirm compliance directly before you rely on it.","source":"https://kuma.io/privacy/","question":"What security certifications does Kuma have?","confidence":0.7},{"answer":"Yes. Kuma is published under the Apache-2.0 licence, a permissive licence that generally allows commercial use and modification. Licence terms can change between releases, so verify against the repository for the version you intend to use.","source":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma","question":"Is Kuma open source?","confidence":0.95},{"answer":"Kuma is available worldwide. The vendor is headquartered in the United States.","source":"https://kuma.io","question":"Where is Kuma available?","confidence":0.75}]` |
| deployment.options | `{"cloud":true,"self_hosted":true}` | `{"cloud":true,"hybrid":true,"on_prem":true,"self_hosted":true}` |
| description.long | An open-source service mesh that provides unified traffic management, security, and observability for microservices. Supports both sidecar-based and sidecar-less deployment models for flexibility. | Open-source control plane for service mesh delivering security, observability, routing and more. Built on Envoy with support for Kubernetes, VMs, and multi-cluster deployments. |
| features.capabilities | `{"proxy":"envoy","data_plane":"sidecar","vm_support":true,"cncf_maturity":"graduated","automatic_mtls":true,"traffic_splitting":true,"commercial_support":true,"built_in_observability":true}` | `{"proxy":"envoy","data_plane":"sidecar","vm_support":true,"multicluster":true,"cncf_maturity":"sandbox","automatic_mtls":true,"fault_injection":true,"traffic_splitting":true,"commercial_support":true,"gateway_api_support":true,"built_in_observability":true}` |
| integrations.count | 1 | 2 |
| integrations.list | `[{"name":"cert-manager"}]` | `[{"name":"Prometheus"},{"name":"Grafana"},{"name":"Datadog"},{"name":"OpenTelemetry"}]` |
| language.primary | Go | Go |
| license.spdx | Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 |
| market.availability | `{"primaryMarkets":[],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` | `{"hqCountry":"US","primaryMarkets":[],"availabilityScope":"global","availableCountries":[],"notAvailableCountries":[]}` |
| platform.support | `{"cli":true}` | `{"cli":true,"web":true}` |
| pricing | `{"type":"open_source","sourceUrl":"https://istio.io","retrievedAt":"2026-10-05T11:09:31.377Z"}` | `{"type":"open_source","sourceUrl":"https://kuma.io","retrievedAt":"2026-09-10T16:04:49.974Z"}` |
| pricing.free_tier | yes | yes |
| pricing.model | open_source | commercial |
| pricing.price_level | free | free |
| pricing.transparent | yes | no |
| release.cadence_days | 2 | - |
| release.history | `[{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.1","date":"2026-09-21T14:45:03Z","type":"stable","version":"1.31.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.30.5","date":"2026-09-21T19:32:06Z","type":"stable","version":"1.30.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.29.8","date":"2026-09-21T19:31:49Z","type":"stable","version":"1.29.8"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0","date":"2026-08-31T15:47:13Z","type":"stable","version":"1.31.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0-rc.4","date":"2026-08-27T19:10:50Z","type":"prerelease","version":"1.31.0-rc.4"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.30.4","date":"2026-08-27T15:10:20Z","type":"stable","version":"1.30.4"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.29.7","date":"2026-08-27T15:11:19Z","type":"stable","version":"1.29.7"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0-rc.2","date":"2026-08-25T16:57:21Z","type":"prerelease","version":"1.31.0-rc.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0-rc.0","date":"2026-08-19T14:07:42Z","type":"prerelease","version":"1.31.0-rc.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0-beta.2","date":"2026-08-19T13:05:52Z","type":"prerelease","version":"1.31.0-beta.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0-beta.1","date":"2026-08-17T12:46:22Z","type":"prerelease","version":"1.31.0-beta.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0-alpha.2","date":"2026-08-11T12:40:13Z","type":"prerelease","version":"1.31.0-alpha.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.31.0-alpha.0","date":"2026-07-22T10:19:54Z","type":"prerelease","version":"1.31.0-alpha.0"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.30.3","date":"2026-07-16T16:50:56Z","type":"stable","version":"1.30.3"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.29.6","date":"2026-07-16T16:51:06Z","type":"stable","version":"1.29.6"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.28.10","date":"2026-07-01T10:31:11Z","type":"stable","version":"1.28.10"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.30.2","date":"2026-06-24T18:25:13Z","type":"stable","version":"1.30.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.29.5","date":"2026-06-24T18:25:57Z","type":"stable","version":"1.29.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.28.9","date":"2026-06-24T18:26:50Z","type":"stable","version":"1.28.9"},{"url":"https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.30.1","date":"2026-06-04T21:49:36Z","type":"stable","version":"1.30.1"}]` | `[{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.14.5","date":"2026-09-18T13:38:29Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.14.5"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.13.11","date":"2026-09-11T21:11:08Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.13.11"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.12.15","date":"2026-09-11T21:11:21Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.12.15"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.11.19","date":"2026-09-11T21:11:32Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.11.19"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/2.9.20","date":"2026-09-11T21:11:45Z","type":"stable","version":"2.9.20"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.7.30","date":"2026-09-11T21:11:56Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.7.30"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.14.4","date":"2026-09-02T22:53:38Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.14.4"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.14.3","date":"2026-08-10T13:27:37Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.14.3"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.13.10","date":"2026-08-01T16:57:53Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.13.10"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.12.14","date":"2026-08-01T16:57:54Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.12.14"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.11.18","date":"2026-08-01T16:57:55Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.11.18"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/2.9.19","date":"2026-08-01T16:57:55Z","type":"stable","version":"2.9.19"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.7.29","date":"2026-08-01T16:57:56Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.7.29"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.14.2","date":"2026-08-01T16:57:53Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.14.2"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.14.1","date":"2026-07-15T13:30:10Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.14.1"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.13.9","date":"2026-07-11T07:53:54Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.13.9"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.12.13","date":"2026-07-10T17:16:14Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.12.13"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.11.17","date":"2026-07-10T18:06:27Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.11.17"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/2.9.18","date":"2026-07-10T18:24:39Z","type":"stable","version":"2.9.18"},{"url":"https://github.com/kumahq/kuma/releases/tag/v2.7.28","date":"2026-07-10T18:11:47Z","type":"stable","version":"v2.7.28"}]` |
| security.disclosure_policy | yes | yes |
| security.gdpr | yes | yes |
| security.scorecard | 6.4 | 8 |
| security.trust_center | https://istio.io/latest/news/security/ | - |
| security.vulnerabilities | `{"count":11,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=go&package_name=istio.io%2Fistio&per_page=100","last_12m":2,"max_severity":"HIGH"}` | `{"count":0,"source":"https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories?ecosystem=go&package_name=github.com%2Fkumahq%2Fkuma%2Fpkg%2Ftransparentproxy%2Fistio&per_page=100","last_12m":0,"max_severity":null}` |

## Capabilities (Service Mesh)

| Capability | Istio | Kuma |
|---|:--:|:--:|
| **Architecture** |  |  |
| Data plane | Sidecar | Sidecar |
| Proxy | Envoy | Envoy |
| **Security** |  |  |
| Automatic mutual TLS | ✓ | ✓ |
| SPIFFE / SPIRE identity | - | - |
| **Traffic** |  |  |
| Traffic splitting / canary | ✓ | ✓ |
| Fault injection / resilience | - | ✓ |
| **Scale** |  |  |
| Multi-cluster federation | - | ✓ |
| **Portability** |  |  |
| VM support (beyond Kubernetes) | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Observability** |  |  |
| Built-in observability | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Standards** |  |  |
| Gateway API / GAMMA support | - | ✓ |
| **Extensibility** |  |  |
| WASM extensibility | - | - |
| **Compliance** |  |  |
| FIPS mode | - | - |
| **Ecosystem** |  |  |
| CNCF maturity | Graduated | Sandbox |
| **Ops** |  |  |
| Commercial support / enterprise edition | ✓ | ✓ |

*Source: vioscaleAI. Generated 2026-10-16T19:04:44.028Z. "-" = undocumented, not absent.*